The Azat Miftakhov Committee, supported by 339 mathematicians and 4 mathematical societies, sent the following letter to the International Mathematical Union Executive Committee, concerning the case of our colleague Azat Miftakhov. Mathematicians who wish to support this letter can sign it by filling out the form here; an updated list of signatories will be sent to the IMU in a few weeks.
August 23, 2021
Dear members of the International Mathematical Union (IMU) Executive Committee,
On January 5, 2021, we sent you a letter to draw your attention to the case of Azat Miftakhov, a doctoral student in mathematics at Moscow State University, arbitrarily detained by Russian authorities since February 2019.
On January 8, 2021, following our letter, you issued a statement “expressing your deep concern for the well-being of Azat Miftakhov”. “While the IMU cannot know the facts of the case and does not condone acts of vandalism, there has been widely held concern in the media over Miftakhov’s treatment while in custody and over the fairness of the trial and sentencing proceedings, soon to be completed” the statement reads.
Prof. Carlos E. Kenig, President of the IMU and Prof. Helge Holden, Secretary General of the IMU, wrote on January 11, 2021 to Dr. Daya Reddy, President of the International Science Council (ISC), referring the case of Azat Miftakhov to the ISC, for consideration by its Committee for Freedom and Responsibility in Science.
On January 18, 2021, the Golovinsky District Court in Moscow sentenced Azat Miftakhov to a six-year prison term in a general-regime colony. “Miftakhov’s rehabilitation is possible only in isolation from society in a medium-security penal colony,” the court decided.
On February 26, 2021, you issued a statement about the detainment and arrest of several members of the Russian mathematics community in which you “called for leniency and compassion for Azat Miftakhov as he appeals this sentence.”
On June 9, 2021, the Moscow City Court heard the appeal of the verdict in the case against Azat Miftakhov and it unfortunately upheld Azat’s conviction and six-year prison sentence in a general-regime colony.
On July 15, 2021, we learned that Azat Miftakhov has been moved from the Moscow pre-trial detention center at Butyrka and began the journey to the penal colony where he is to serve the remainder of his six-year sentence. He has then been moved on August 1st to the correctional colony number 17 in Omutninsk in Kirov Province, which is known for the mistreatment and torture of prisoners by the authorities.
The international mathematical community is appalled and horrified by the arbitrary detention of Azat Miftakhov, the ill-treatment he suffered, including torture, and the verdict inflicted on him. Mathematicians from all over the world have expressed their solidarity with Azat through multiple letters and petitions, including our Russian colleagues whose actions, we all know, can cost them dearly.
The solidarity of the international mathematical community was once again manifested on the occasion of the Azat Miftakhov Day, which we organized on June 16, 2021. The reactions to the event — several renowned mathematicians immediately accepted our invitation to speak, the announcement was quickly relayed by learned societies and prestigious universities around the world, and the event was followed by a large number of colleagues — shows the importance that our community attaches to the case of Azat Miftakhov.
However, there is one voice conspicuously lacking in its support for Azat’s case, namely yours. Admittedly, you have expressed, in rather conditional terms, your concern regarding the case of Azat. But to our knowledge, you still have not called for his release.
It is now time for the IMU to follow the position adopted by the international mathematical community it represents and to call for the immediate and unconditional release of Azat Miftakhov. As the IMU’s partner in the organization of the next ICM in July 2022 in St Petersburg, the Russian government cannot ignore such a call.
Three senior Russian security officials sit on the ICM Executive Organizing Committee: Dmitry S. Derevyashkin, first Deputy Head of Department “P” of the Economic Security Service of the FSB of the Russian Federation, Aleksey G. Zinin, Deputy Head of the Main Directorate for the Protection of Public Order of the National Guard of the Russian Federation and Roman Yu. Plugin, Head of the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia for St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region. It is hard to imagine them attending the opening ceremony of the ICM while our colleague Azat Miftakhov languishes in a penal colony.
Supported by 339 mathematicians and 4 mathematical societies [full list below – updated October 30, 2021]
Mathematicians who wish to support this letter can sign it by filling out the form here; an updated list of signatories will be sent to the IMU in a few weeks.
Learned societies
Real Sociedad Matemática Española (RSME)
Société de Mathématiques Appliquées et Industrielles (SMAI)
Société Mathématique de France (SMF)
Ukrainian Mathematical Society (UMS)
Individuals
- Ramla Abdellatif, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, France
- Piotr Achinger, IMPAN, Poland
- Zofia Adamowicz, Institute of Mathematics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland
- Nicolas Addington, University of Oregon, United States
- Alejandro Adem, University of British Columbia, Canada
- Andrei Agrachev, SISSA, Italy
- Mark Agranovsky, Bar-Ilan University, Israel
- Patrick Allen, McGill University, Canada
- Ricardo José Alonso-Blanco, Universidad de Salamanca, Spain
- Tuna Altinel, Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, France
- Daniel Alvarez-Gavela, MIT, United States
- Ekaterina Amerik, Université Paris-Saclay and HSE Moscow, France, Russia
- Nalini Anantharaman, Université de Strasbourg, France
- Fabrizio Andreatta, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
- Pablo Angulo, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain
- Andrii Anikushyn, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine
- Tom Archibald, Simon Fraser University, Canada
- Pierre Arnoux, Université d’Aix-Marseille, France
- Michèle Artigue, Université de Paris, France
- Michèle Audin, Mathematician and writer, France
- Tim Austin, UCLA, United States
- Joseph Ayoub, University of Zurich, Switzerland
- Rouchdi Bahloul, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon 1, France
- Viviane Baladi, CNRS, Paris, France
- John Baldwin, University of Illinois at Chicago, United States
- Michael Barany, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Jean-Marc Bardet, University Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, France
- Arnaud Beauville, Université Côte d’Azur, France
- Joël Bellaïche, Brandeis University, United States
- Olivier Benoist, CNRS – ENS Paris, France
- Sylvie Benzoni-Gavage, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France
- Arkady Berenstein, University of Oregon, United States
- Vitaly Bergelson, Ohio State University, United States
- Roland Berger, University of Saint-Etienne, France
- Nicolas Bergeron, Département de Mathématiques de l’ENS Paris, France
- Ayse Berkman, Mimar Sinan University, Turkey
- Vladimir Berkovich, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel
- Daniel Bertrand, Sorbonne Université, France
- Gérard Besson, CNRS-Université Grenoble Alpes, France
- Vincent R.B. Blazy, Université de Paris, France
- Thomas Blossier, Université Lyon 1, France
- Ben Blum-Smith, NYU Center for Data Science, United States
- Cédric Bonnafé, CNRS – Université de Montpellier, France
- Vincent Borrelli, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon 1, France
- Boris Botvinnik, University of Oregon, United States
- Serge Bouc, CNRS-LAMFA-UPJV, France
- Vincent Bouis, École Normale Supérieure, France
- Christophe Breuil, CNRS, France
- Tom Bridgeland, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Michel Brion, CNRS – Université de Grenoble, France
- Marc Brunaud, Université de Paris, France
- Claude Bruter, Retired, Université de Paris XII-Créteil, France
- Alexander Bufetov, CNRS Institut de mathématiques de Marseille, Steklov, IITP RAS, France and Russia
- Igor Burban, University of Paderborn, Germany
- Kevin Buzzard, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
- Jean-Baptiste Caillau, Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Inria, LJAD, France
- Philippe Caldero, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon 1, France
- Pierre-Emmanuel Caprace, UCLouvain, Belgium
- Olivia Caramello, University of Insubria and IHES, Italy
- Antoine Chambert-Loir, Université de Paris, France
- Marc Chardin, CNRS & Sorbonne Université, France
- Grégoire Charlot, Institut Fourier, France
- Zoe Chatzidakis, CNRS – Paris, France
- Jean-Yves Chemin, Sorbonne Université, France
- Alain Chenciner, IMCCE et Université Paris 7, France
- Gregory Cherlin, Rutgers University (Emeritus), United States
- Artem Chernikov, UCLA, United States
- Bruno Chiarellotto, Universita’ degli studi Padova, Italy
- Shiva Chidambaram, MIT, United States
- Alexandre Chorin, University of California at Berkeley, United States
- Laurent Clozel, Université Paris-Sud, France
- John Coates, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Ronald Coifman, Yale University, United States
- Christophe Cornut, CNRS, France
- María Isabel Cortez, P. Universidad Católica, Chile
- Marie Cottrell, Université Paris 1, Laboratoire SAMM, France
- Thibaut Cuvelier, CentraleSupélec / Université Paris-Saclay, France
- Gentiana Danila, IMJ-PRG, France
- Olivier Debarre, Université de Paris, France
- Pierre Deligne, Institute for Advanced Study, United States
- Adrien Deloro, Sorbonne Université, France
- Jean-Pierre Demailly, Institut Fourier, Université Grenoble Alpes & Académie des Sciences, France
- Christopher Deninger, University of Muenster, Germany
- Lucie Devey, Institut Fourier, France
- Lorenzo J. Diaz, PUC-Rio, Brazil
- Francois Digne, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, France
- Daniel Disegni, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel
- Yuriy Drozd, Institute of Mathematics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ukraine
- Stéphane Druel, CNRS – Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France
- Olivier Dudas, CNRS & University of Paris, France
- Victor Duval, UPMC Sorbonne Université, France
- Mirna Dzamonja, IRIF (CNRS & Université de Paris), France
- Theresia Eisenkölbl, University of Vienna, Austria
- Jordan Ellenberg, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States
- Richard Elwes, University of Leeds, United Kingdom
- Jess Enright, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Jean-Pierre Escofier, Université Rennes I, France
- Hélène Esnault, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
- Ernesto Estrada, IFISC, CSIC, Spain
- Pavel Etingof, MIT, United States
- Francis Filbet, Université Toulouse III, France
- Michael Finkelberg, NRU HSE Moscow, Russia
- Giovanni Forni, University of Maryland, United States
- Matthieu Fradelizi, Université Gustave Eiffel, France
- Martin Francqueville, Université de Bordeaux, France
- Javier Fresán, École polytechnique, France
- Susan Friedlander, University of Southern California, United States
- Dmitry Fuchs, University of California, Davis, United States
- Yan Fyodorov, King’s College London, United Kingdom
- Perets Gadi, University of Lyon, France
- Azat Gainutdinov, CNRS, France
- Damien Galant, UMONS, Belgium
- Isabelle Gallagher, ENS Paris and Université de Paris, France
- Ricardo García López, Departament de Matemàtiques i Informàtica, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
- Ignacio García-Fernández, Universidad de Valencia, Spain
- Thomas Gauthier, Ecole Polytechnique, France
- Damien Gayet, Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut Fourier, France
- Misha Gekhtman, University of Notre Dame, United States
- Katrin Gelfert, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Ivan Gentil, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon 1, France
- Giambattista Giacomin, Université de Paris, France
- Francois Gieres, Universite de Lyon 1, France
- Philippe Gimenez, University of Valladolid, Spain
- Alexander Givental, University of California Berkeley, United States
- Alexey Glutsyuk, CNRS, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon & HSE University, Moscow, France & Russia
- Gilles Godefroy, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, France
- Andrey Gogolev, The Ohio State University, United States
- Catherine Goldstein, CNRS, Paris, France
- Carlos González Alcón, University of La Laguna, Spain
- Vasilii Goriachkin, Lund University, Sweden
- Anton Gorodetski, University of California Irvine, United States
- Olivier Goubet, SMAI President, France
- Timothy Gowers, Collège de France and University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Michel Gros, CNRS & University of Rennes 1, France
- Stéphane Guillermou, CNRS – Université Grenoble Alpes, France
- Antonin Guilloux, IMJ-PRG, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INRIA, France
- Alice Guionnet, ENS Lyon, France
- Uğur Gül, Hacettepe University Department of Mathematics, Turkey
- Artem Gureev, University of Western Ontario, Canada
- Michel Habib, IRIF, Paris University, France
- Christian Haesemeyer, University of Melbourne, Australia
- Hinda Hamraoui, Université Hassan II Casablanca, Morocco
- Pascale Harinck, CNRS – Ecole polytechnique, France
- Frédéric Hélein, Université de Paris, France
- Tim Henke, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
- Denis Hirschfeldt, University of Chicago, United States
- Helmut Hofer, Institute for Advanced Study, United States
- I-Shing Hu, National Taiwan Normal University, Taiwan
- Cyril Hugounenq, Institut Fourier, France
- Daniel Huybrechts, Universität Bonn, Germany
- Luc Illusie, Université Paris-Saclay, France
- Cyril Imbert, CNRS & ENS (Paris), France
- Andrei Iordan, Sorbonne Université, France
- Jim Isenberg, University of Oregon, United States
- Mohamed Ali Jendoubi, Université de Carthage, Tunisia
- David Jerison, MIT, United States
- Francois Jouve, Université de Paris, France
- Nicolas Jouvin, Ecole Centrale Lyon, France
- Victor Kac, MIT, United States
- Borys Kadets, University of Georgia, United States
- Bruno Kahn, CNRS, France
- Sten Kaijser, Department of mathematics, Uppsala University, Sweden
- Dmitry Kaledin, Steklov Mathematical Institute, Russia
- Barbara Kaltenbacher, University of Klagenfurt, Austria
- Svetlana Katok, Penn State University, United States
- Nicholas Katz, Princeton University, United States
- David Kazhdan, Hebrew university, Israel
- Juliette Kennedy, University of Helsinki, Finland
- Richard Kenyon, Yale University, United States
- Assaf Kfoury, Boston University, United States
- Alexander Kirillov, Stony Brook University, United States
- Roman Kossak, City University of New York, United States
- Jan Kotůlek, VSB – Technical University of Ostrava, Czechia
- Alexander Kuznetsov, Steklov Mathematical Institute, Russia
- Yulia Kuznetsova, University Bourgogne Franche Comté, France / Russia
- Max Lahn, University of Michigan, United States
- Pascal Lambrechts, UCLouvain, Belgium
- Andreas Langer, University of Exeter, United Kingdom
- Rémi Langevin, IMB, université de Bourgogne-franche comté, France
- Francis Lazarus, CNRS, Grenoble, France
- François Lê, Institut Camille Jordan, France
- Alice Le Brigant, Université Paris 1, France
- Patrice Le Calvez, Sorbonne Université, France
- Hervé Le Dret, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Joel Lebowitz, Rutgers University, United States
- François Ledrappier, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Séverine Leidwanger, Université de Paris, France
- Samuel Lelièvre, Université Paris-Saclay, France
- Kathryn Leonard, Occidental College, United States
- Christian Léonard, Université Paris Nanterre, France
- Nicolás Libedinsky, Universidad de Chile, Chile
- Robert Lipshitz, University of Oregon, United States
- Eva Löcherbach, Université Paris 1 Panthéon Sorbonne, France
- Bertrand Lods, Università degli di Torino, Italy
- Sara Lombardo, Loughborough University, United Kingdom
- Eduard Looijenga, Universiteit Utrecht/University of Chicago, Nederland
- Dino Lorenzini, University of Georgia, United States
- Ivan Loseu, Yale University, United States
- Daria Loukianov, Université d’Evry, France
- Volodymyr Lyubashenko, Institute for Mathematics, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Angus Macintyre, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Vincent Maillot, CNRS, France
- Sagar Kumar Maity, S N Bose National Center for Basic Sciences, India
- Bernard Malgrange, InstitutFourier, Grenoble, France
- Fyodor Malikov, University of Southern California, United States
- Gunter Malle, TU Kaiserslautern, Deutschland
- Timothée Marquis, UCLouvain, Belgium
- Antonio Martinón, Universidad de La Laguna, Spain
- Pierre Mathieu, Université d’Aix-Marseille (AMU), France
- Barry Mazur, Harvard University, United States
- Michael McBreen, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
- Taras Mel’nyk, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine
- Yves Meyer, ENS Paris-Saclay, France
- Christian Michaux, Uninversity of Mons, Belgium
- Jacek Miękisz, University of Warsaw, Poland
- Nicolae Mihalache, Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
- Haynes Miller, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, United States
- Sevak Mkrtchyan, University of Rochester, United States
- Michel Mollard, CNRS and Université Grenoble Alpes, France
- Ben Moonen, Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Laurent Moret-Bailly, Université de Rennes 1, France
- Clement Mouhot, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Frank Neumann, University of Leicester, United Kingdom
- James Newton, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
- Marc-Hubert Nicole, Caen, France
- Roman Nikiforov, National Dragomanov University, Ukraine
- Stéphane Nonnenmacher, Université Paris-Saclay, France
- Filippo A. E. Nuccio Mortarino Majno di Capriglio, Univ de Lyon, UJM Saint-Étienne, France
- Brita Nucinkis, Royal Holloway, University of London, United Kingdom
- Ernesto Nungesser, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain
- TC O’Neil, The Open University, United Kingdom
- Arthur Ogus, University of California at Berkeley, United States
- Fabrice Orgogozo, CNRS, Paris, France
- Victor Ostrik, University of Oregon, United States
- Vasyl Ostrovskyi, Institute of Mathematics, NAS of Ukraine, Ukraine
- Gilles Pagès, Sorbonne Université, France
- Pierre Pansu, Université Paris-Saclay, France
- François Parreau, Université Paris 13, France
- Dmitrii Pasechnik, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
- Simon Pepin Lehalleur, Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Ricardo Pérez-Marco, CNRS, Université de Paris, IMJ-PRG, France
- Tomas Persson, Lund University, Sweden
- Ragni Piene, University of Oslo, Norway
- Anand Pillay, University of Notre Dame, United States
- Gilles Pisier, Sorbonne Universite, Paris, France
- Jérôme Poineau, Université de Caen Normandie, France
- Bjorn Poonen, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, United States
- Mason Porter, UCLA, United States
- Leonid Prigozhin, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel
- David Pritchard, University of Strathclyde, Scotland
- Feliks Przytycki, Institute of mathematics of Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland
- Enrique Pujals, Graduate Center, CUNY, United States
- Jiří Rákosník, Institute of Mathematics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Republic
- Peter Ralph, University of Oregon, United States
- Sujatha Ramdorai, University of British Columbia, Canada
- Paul Raynaud de Fitte, University of Rouen Normandy, France
- Eric Remila, Université de St-Etienne, France
- Marc Reversat, Institute of Mathematics of Toulouse, France
- Thomas Rey, Université de Lille, France
- Gonzalo Robledo, Universidad de Chile, Chile
- Jose Rodriguez, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Spain
- Claude Roger, Université Lyon1, France
- Constanza Rojas-Molina, CY Cergy Paris Université, France
- Joachim Rosenthal, University of Zurich, Switzerland
- Raphaël Rossignol, Université Grenoble Alpes, France
- Ceferino Ruíz Garrido, Universidad de Granada, Spain
- Gabriel Sabbagh, Retired Professor (Mathematical Logic), University Paris Diderot, France
- Claude Sabbah, CNRS & Ecole polytechnique, France
- Laure Saint-Raymond, ENS de Lyon, France
- Takeshi Saito, University of Tokyo, Japan
- Maria Saprykina, KTH Royal institute of Technology, Sweden
- David Savitt, Johns Hopkins University, United States
- Jordan Sawdy, University of Kentucky, United States
- Florent Schaffhauser, Universidad de Los Andes, Colombia
- Pierre Schapira, Sorbonne University, France
- Sam Schiavone, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, United States
- Olivier Schiffmann, Université Paris-Saclay, France
- Peter Scholze, Universität Bonn ; Max-Planck-Institut für Mathematik, Bonn, Germany
- Lionel Schwartz, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, France
- Paul Seidel, MIT, United States
- Eric Sere, Université Paris-Dauphine, France
- Vlad Sergiescu, Université Grenoble-Alpes, France
- Marcello Seri, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
- Michael Shub, City University of New York, United States
- Susan Sierra, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Adam Skalski, IMPAN, Warsaw, Poland
- Alexander Smirnov, St. Petersburg Departement of Steklov Mathematical Institute, Russia
- Christophe Soulé, CNRS & IHES, France
- Wolfgang Steiner, CNRS, France
- Christopher Stith, University of Michigan, United States
- Matthias Strauch, Indiana University, United States
- Benoit Stroh, Sorbonne Université, France
- Balazs Szendroi, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
- Sergei Tabachnikov, Penn State University, United States
- Daichi Takeuchi, RIKEN, Japan
- Denis Talay, INRIA, France
- Clifford Taubes, Harvard University, United States
- Donna Testerman, EPFL, Switzerland
- Nicolas Tholozan, CNRS, France
- Richard Thomas, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
- Dylan Thurston, Indiana University, Bloomington, United States
- Anna Torstensson, Lund University, Sweden
- Minh-Tam Trinh, MIT, United States
- Jan Trlifaj, Univerzita Karlova, Praha, Czech Republic
- Anush Tserunyan, McGill University, Canada
- Daniele Turchetti, University of Warwick, United Kingdom
- Lyudmila Turowska, Chalmers University of Technology and University of Gothenburg, Sweden
- Mykhaylo Tyomkyn, Charles University, Czechia
- Arkady Vaintrob, University of Oregon, United States
- Gerard van der Geer, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Tim Van der Linden, Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique-FNRS, Belgium
- Hugo Vanneuville, CNRS, France
- Marco Varisco, University at Albany, State University of New York, United States
- Roman Vasquez, Auburn University, United States
- Eric Vasserot, Université de Paris, France
- Misha Verbitsky, IMPA, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Anatoly Vershik, Chief researcher of the St. Petersburg branch of the Steklov Institute of Mathematics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia
- Marie-France Vigneras, Université Paris-Diderot, France
- Fabien Vignes-Tourneret, CNRS & Université Lyon 1, France
- Cédric Villani, Université Lyon 1 Claude Bernard, Académie des Sciences, Académie pontificale, France
- Andrés Villaveces, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Colombia
- Yannick Vincent, Ecole polytechnique, France
- Claude Viterbo, Ecole normale supérieure, Paris, France
- John Voight, Dartmouth College, United States
- Claire Voisin, CNRS, France
- Frank Wagner, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France
- Michel Waldschmidt, Sorbonne University, France
- Micah Warren, University of Oregon, United States
- Philip Welch, University of Bristol, United Kingdom
- Ursula Whitcher, Mathematical Reviews (AMS), United States
- Jaroslaw Wisniewski, University of Warsaw, Poland
- Michal Wrochna, Cergy Paris Université, France
- Yuan Xu, University of Oregon, United States
- Iryna Yehorchenko, Institute of Mathematics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ukraine
- Zhiwei Yun, MIT, United States
- Mikhail Zaidenberg, Institut Fourier, Grenoble, France, France
- Fernando Zalamea, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Colombia
- Maciej Zdanowicz, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Vadim Zharnitsky, University of Illinois, United States
The case of Azat Miftakhov 